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Finding a Business



Going Into Business in West Virginia
GOING INTO BUSINESS IN WEST VIRGNIA    

FINDING A BUSINESS

STARTING AND GROWING A BUSINESS
involves a great deal of decision making. In “Getting Started,” you have made a decision on your ability to own and operate your own business. Now you are faced with three alternatives: start up a brand new business, buy an existing business or buy a franchise. Each has benefits and drawbacks. Examine the advantages and disadvantages of each option before taking the entrepreneurial leap.


Developing Your Own Business
Buying an Existing Business
Buying a Franchise







DEVELOPING YOUR OWN BUSINESS

There are advantages to developing your own business. Generally, it costs less up front to start a business than to buy one and you can make use of your creative talents in developing something unique. You can address unexplored markets, choose your own location and develop your own management style and policies. You will not be buying someone else’s problems and flaws.

Most people who start their own businesses are good at what they do; but a successful entrepreneur has to provide a good product or service and understand how a business works.

There are certain inherent risks in developing your own business. You have to start from scratch. You are responsible for choosing a legal structure, a location and recordkeeping system. You must get licenses and permits, develop a customer base and create a marketing plan. At times, this can seem overwhelming. Getting help from entrepreneurial assistance programs offered by the Small Business Development Center will help you see that a business starts and develops in a logical order.

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BUYING AN EXISTING BUSINESS

There are some advantages to buying an existing business: getting a good location; saving time, work and money that go into the start-up phase of business development; an organized and operating system with an established customer base.

There are several ways to find businesses for sale: trade associations and neighborhood business groups; business brokers; banks; chambers of commerce. Professional people within the community often know people who are selling or are about to sell a business. When you find a business in which you are interested, determine why it is for sale. Study the business and research its market carefully; study the trends of the specific business; learn about the competition, the surrounding neighborhood, the local business community and the current customer base.

An experienced accountant can help you analyze the seller’s financial statements and tax records in order to determine profitability and purchase price. If you have difficulty getting the financial information you need, it might be wise to move on to another opportunity.

You want to know what you will be purchasing and its current value before you set a price and close a sale. You want to know if any of the company’s assets have been pledged as collateral for outstanding debt, and it is wise to hire an appraiser to determine the value of the assets being purchased. Researching takes time and focuses on discovering the truth about the enterprise being considered. There are so many questions to ask when considering the purchase of an existing business. Here are a few examples that relate to finance, marketing, ownership and operations:


Most importantly, why is the seller selling? The answer will either raise red flags or be consistent with, and met with, no resistance when asking the information in the questions below.
Have you asked to review the certified financial statements of income, cash flow and balance sheets for the last three years? If you borrow from a bank to purchase the venture, the bank will want to see them.
Have you asked to see the company’s (not the owner’s personal) IRS returns for the last three years? The bank will.
Have you asked for a copy of all documents of all outstanding indebtedness like notes payable, accounts payable, real estate and equipment leases? The bank will.
Has the seller offered to stay around for awhile after the sale to help with transition, and have you discussed some compensation for his services during that transition period?
Have you been allowed to talk with the employees, or is this sale of a confidential nature at this time? If so, why are the employees not being told of the impending sale?
Has there been any significant turnover of employees? If so, why is that?
Have you learned anything about the quality of customer relations at the company? Is there a close relationship between company and customers?
Have you learned anything about the relationship between the company and its vendors? Do vendors display preferred, regular or irregular relations with the company?
Is there a management team for this company? If so, are they aware of the impending sale, and how do they feel about it?
What are the actual conditions of the working environment? Are there any hazardous situations or is this a well-kept workplace?
What are the actual conditions of existing fixed assets like office equipment, machinery, vehicles and the like? Do employees, managers and supervisors demonstrate good maintenance and cleanliness of company property?

There is so much more to ask, but this is a brief list designed to give you a starting point from which to begin the investigation of the venture in which you are about to invest.

You will want to examine these responses. It is a detailed matter requiring a significant explanation. Get help assessing them from your SBDC coach.

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BUYING A FRANCHISE

Many small business owners have minimized their risks by investing in a franchise. Franchising is a plan of distribution under which an individually-owned business is operated as a part of a large chain. The products and services offered are standardized and the company (franchiser) gives the individual dealer (franchisee) the right to market the franchiser’s products or services and to use the franchiser’s trade name, trademarks, reputation and way of doing business.

You may wish to explore some of the advantages of franchise ownership:
1. Starting your own business under a name and trademark already accepted by the public.
2. Possibly receiving training and management assistance from the people who are experienced in your type of business.
3. Possibly receiving financial assistance from the franchiser.
4. Possibly purchasing equipment, products and supplies as well as advertising materials.

You should also look at some of the disadvantages:
1. You cannot make all of the rules; you lose the freedom to be your own boss and to make most of the decisions.
2. The franchiser usually charges a royalty on a percentage of your gross sales.
3. The franchiser does not share your losses.
4. You may be restricted in setting pricing, introducing new items and dropping unprofitable ones.

Here are some steps to take before entering into a franchise agreement:
1. Examine your interests and abilities: what do you like to do?
2. Consult a directory of franchise opportunities.
3. Talk to franchisees for firsthand experience.
4. Contact the Federal Trade Commission to check up on your choice.
5. Consult a lawyer, accountant and a business coach, such as an SBDC representative to make sure you understand all the details and ramifications of the contract. These contracts usually last 10 to 20 years.

Here are some areas you should investigate if you are considering purchasing into a franchise:
What is the reputation of the franchise?
Is the company involved in litigation?
What training and start-up assistance is offered by the franchiser?
What continuing assistance is offered?
What is the management structure?
What are the operating practices of the franchise?
What are the operating control policies?
What are the franchise fees? Initial license fee? Continuing royalty fee? Other fees?
Do you have the right to sell the franchise?
What are the terms of renewal or termination?

You can prepare yourself to be successful by identifying all of the activities necessary for the development of your business, whether you buy an existing business, buy into a franchise or develop your own from start to finish.

Visit the American Franchisee Association website, www.franchisee.org, to learn more about purchasing a franchise.

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Going Into Business in West Virginia
Going Into Business in West Virginia
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