West Virginia Department of Commerce Business Planning: The Key to Your Success

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Business Planning: The Key to Your Success



Going Into Business in West Virginia
GOING INTO BUSINESS IN WEST VIRGNIA    

BUSINESS PLANNING:
The Key to Your Success

WHY WRITE A BUSINESS PLAN? After you’ve given some careful consideration to the business, you’re ready to begin putting your ideas on paper. That means writing a business plan — a formal document explaining in some detail your plans to develop a financially successful business.

The Winning Business Plan
Taking the Plunge: Starting the Planning Process


If you think the business plan is just a lot of paperwork, think again. It’s important for three reasons.
  • Preparing a business plan forces you to think through carefully every aspect of your business.
  • If you need outside capital, the business plan will be one of the first things that the lender or investor wants to see.
  • It is important to have a plan for internal use so you can make decisions in a systematic manner.

According to Work.com, a well-crafted business plan is far more than just a written document — it forms the cornerstone of your business. It can help you grow more effectively, with greater focus and reduced risk. It is also a useful marketing tool for raising capital or recruiting partners, advisors, or key hires.

Most importantly, it is the “process” of developing your plan that provides great value. By applying a structured approach, you will know the market, your customers, and the competition, and you will have real insight into the levers that drive profitability in your business.







THE WINNING BUSINESS PLAN

A good business plan provides a tool to fully evaluate your business idea to see if it makes sense. The business plan says a lot about you as a potential business owner, including how much you know about the business you want to open.

There are four major elements of a business plan. The written plan should be concise and to the point.

1. Description of the Business
Give a description of your business that explains the nature of the business and its activities. Convey your vision of the business, your mission statement and describe how it will grow and profit. Describe your product or service, location, hours of operation, size, square footage, and inventory requirements such as storage space. Also give industry trends and growth potential.


2. Marketing Plan
Identify your target market (your potential customers). Who are you selling to or who will buy your product or service? What is the size of the group? If there are segments or divisions of the target market, describe them by geography, demographics and psychological factors.

How will you reach your market? Describe how you will get the customer to purchase your product or service. State your sales strategy, pricing policy, promotional ideas, and advertising campaign. How are you reaching your target market? Radio, print, flyers, TV, etc.? If you plan to offer customer service, explain. This could include guarantees, warranties, repairs, special services, delivery and installation. Sample promotional material could be included in this section.

Competitive analysis is necessary to evaluate the business playing field and identify a niche for your product or service. List your four major competitors by name. Describe their strengths and weaknesses. How will you compete against established businesses? State your competitive advantage. Can you deliver a higher or better quality service than your competitors?


3. Organization Plan
Discuss the ownership of the business and the legal structure. Include legal agreements such as articles of incorporation or partnership agreements. List the skills and experience you bring to the business, especially management experience. Include a resume. Explain how the business will be managed on a day-to-day basis. Discuss insurance, the lease or any rental agreements. How will your business records be maintained? How will you compensate yourself? List business consultants such as a lawyer, CPA and insurance professional. Explain the personnel needed to run the business. List job titles, duties and wages. Discuss how you will hire your employees and explain personnel procedures. List benefits such as group health insurance and the costs.


4. Financial Plan
Too many entrepreneurs try to start and operate a business without enough money. Request enough financing to cover all anticipated start-up costs, plus enough working capital to meet all monthly operating expenses, including the loan payment, for the first six months.

Review the list of start-up costs you made in Financing Your Business. For this section of your business plan, you should clearly state your loan request and what you are contributing in money or some other form. List other funding sources if appropriate and include what you already have or have paid for.

Project income (sales) and expenses by month for one year. Include information explaining assumptions used and justifications for the figures in the projections.

In order to complete the presentation of the business plan, add a one-page summary and a cover sheet. The cover page should include the name of the owners, address and phone number, as well as the company name.

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TAKING THE PLUNGE:
STARTING THE PLANNING PROCESS

Get Organized, Get Focused, Get Started
The first step is to get yourself committed to building a plan. It is often useful to have a dedicated time set aside each week to work on the plan, with goals and deadlines to hit. Building a solid plan takes time and effort; know this upfront. Most importantly, you must commit to putting things down on paper (or for the technology-minded, using an on-line business plan outline); in this manner, the plan will begin to take shape. It should be treated as a living document, but also used to narrow the scope and keep you focused on things that matter.

Just getting the first words down can be the hardest step you take. There are sample plans available online as well as downloadable outline software. Some have a fee associated with them; some are free.

A site with sample plans both free or to purchase is www.bplans.com, a division of Palo Alto Software. This site allows you to view many different sample plans in a wide variety of industries as well as to purchase their business planning software to write your own. The decision is yours.

Some sites with free downloadable business plan outlines are New England Business Service, Inc. (NEBS) www.nebs.com/nebsEcat/business_tools/bptemplate/index.jsp. This tool is interactive and allows you to create and save your business plan. Another resource is SCORE, a nonprofit resource partner with the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA). SCORE’s template gallery has business plans, marketing plans and financial worksheets that are interactive and can be downloaded. Go to www.score.org to see all the available items.

Revise, Refine, Repeat
The best plans are not done overnight, and they do not sit on a shelf. Rather, the best plans — the ones that ultimately help guide your business to success — are constantly massaged, enhanced, revised, and reworked. To borrow a cliché, “the journey is the destination.” Once you have a solid draft, let it ferment for a week, then review it with fresh (and critical) eyes. In addition, you should aim to hone your plan as new information becomes available, and as you test your original assumptions in the market.

Get Help, Gain Perspective
Many startups — and sole owners in particular — suffer from “forest for the trees” syndrome, meaning they focus too much on the minutiae of their business, and have a hard time seeing how their business fits into the broader competitive and market landscape. The remedy is to get external advice on your business plan and strategy from trusted third parties. Advisors may include business attorneys, industry analysts, and mentors, owners of companies who have “been there, done that.” Naturally, consultants who have experience in solving startup business problems can be very valuable. Contact the Small Business Development Center toll free at (888) 982-7232 for the business coach nearest you.

Tips and Tactics
Helpful advice for making the most of your business plan:
  • Commit to building a business plan. The return you will gain — in focus, investor preparation, and business insight — will be many times the effort invested.
  • Treat your plan as a living document. It will help keep you on track, and serve as a means to continually hone your business model.
  • Get help, advice, and feedback. Input from professional advisors translates into a better business plan — and ultimately, a more successful business.

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Going Into Business in West Virginia
Going Into Business in West Virginia
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